P043: POSSIBILITY OF LED OPERATING ROOM SURGICAL LIGHTING USED AS ALTERNATIVE FOR RADIANT WARMING MEASURE FOR NEONATES
Nirav P Bhavsar, MD1, Irene Wang2, Frank Wang, MD2; 1University of Miami / Jackson Health System, 2Nicklaus Children's Hospital
INTRODUCTION: Hypothermia in neonates has been shown to be correlated with a variety of adverse affects in the operative setting including increase in wound infection risk, myocardial infarction risk, transfusion risk, ventilation assistance, and length of stay.1 Current methods to reduce the risk of hypothermia include control of the operating room temperature, radiant heaters, reflecting blankets, skin-warming devices, warming mattresses, warming of intravenous fluids, humidified and heated gases, and use of incubators for transporting.1 Newer light emitting diode (LED) based surgical lighting systems indicate a lower amount of heat loss.2 This preliminary study aims to provide a proof of concept that modern LED surgical lighting systems may be able to provide an alternative method as a radiant warming measure for neonates undergoing surgery.
METHODS: The apparatus to test heat production of a modern LED surgical lighting system included the use of an exposed temperature sensor probe attached to a monitor, a standard operating room table with a single sheet, and, as available, a Berchtold Chromophare E668 LED surgical lighting system which included two separate lighting units. Per specifications, the focal length of the lights is about 80 cm. The color temperature of the lights ranged from standard 3600K to 5000K. This particular lighting system utilized 96 LEDs in each lighting unit. The radiant energy output was specified as 3.7mW/m2lx.2 Multiple trials were run in different combinations with two lighting units at a recommended distance of 80 cm but with varying light temperature at 3600K, 4000K, 4500K, and 5000K. The maximum temperature was recorded in centigrade scale after a 5-minute interval.
RESULTS: The ambient temperature in the operating room was recorded as 21.0°C. 3600K, the maximum temperature recorded was 41.4°C. At 4000K the maximum temperature was 43.5°C. At 4500K, the max was 44.0°C. And at 5000K, the max was > 45.0°C.
DISCUSSION: Based on the results, it is deemed possible to provide radiant heat production with a modern LED based surgical lighting system. An important contributor to the ability of focused heat production may be related to the light temperature with higher temperature colors producing more heat as seen with the preliminary data. Two lighting units directed at a focal distance of approximately 80 cm generated a temperature change greater than 40°C at the temperature probe in an ambient operating room setting at the varying light temperatures. Further studies would be necessary to determine the efficacy of using the lights as an alternative for actual neonate patients compared to the current radiant warming devices available.
REFERENCES:
1. Igor Luginbuehl, Bruno Bissonette and Peter J. Davis. ‘Thermoregulation: Physiology and Perioperative Disturbances’. Smith's Anesthesia for Infants and Children, 6, 145-166.e7. 2017.
2. Berchtold. Chromophare LED: E-series surgical lights with LED technology. 2009.